Integrasi Pendekatan Sains dan Teknologi dalam Pemantauan Kualitas Lingkungan untuk Mendukung Pembangunan Berkelanjutan

Abstract

Purpose: This article examines how environmental science, sensor technologies, geographic information systems, and data analytics can be integrated into a defensible framework for monitoring environmental quality and informing sustainable development.

Design/Methodology: A conceptual and analytical literature review synthesizes principles of environmental measurement, continuous sensing, remote sensing, quality assurance, spatial analysis, and sustainability indicators. The study proposes an integrated monitoring workflow and evaluation criteria; it does not claim to have collected field observations.

Findings: Reliable monitoring depends on combining fit-for-purpose indicators, calibrated instruments, representative sampling, metadata, and explicit uncertainty assessment. Digital platforms improve temporal coverage and visualization but cannot replace reference measurements, ecological interpretation, or institutional accountability.

Practical Implications: The framework can support local governments, researchers, and communities in designing transparent monitoring systems, prioritizing field verification, communicating risks, and evaluating environmental interventions.

Originality/Value: The article links scientific validity, interoperable technologies, participatory governance, and decision thresholds into one adaptable monitoring architecture oriented toward the Sustainable Development Goals.